Over the past three decade economic development has greatly changed the rural China. The policy of reform and opening-up，which started to be implemented in the early 1980s，has resulted in the overall changes in rural China. For over 20 years，the rural economic system has been reformed，the rural social structure is under social transition，and Chinese farmers’ life quality improves notably. Under such a historical background，complying with China’s social transition and the process of the modernization，Chinese farmers are changing in terms of value，ideology，life style，social attitude，as well as the family structure and family’s social relations，etc. It can be observed that there are some evidences on the relationship between the social change in rural China and the emergence of Chinese farmers’ modernity，and it is also the true picture that the Chinese farmers’ modernity is emerging. Based on the social change in rural China since 1980s，this paper try to shed some light on the Chinese farmers’ modernity，on which few researches have been done before. This paper is laid out as follows：section 1 is the instruction of this paper，section 2 will discuss the social changes in the context of economic reform and economic development in rural China，section 3 will discuss the increasing Chinese farmers’ modernity in the development of market economy，section 4 will be a case study based on the evidence from Liaoning Province in northeast China and this part of the paper will analyze the emerging of Chinese Farmers’ modernity from the perspective of family sociology，and finally this paper is summed up in Section 5.
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